Adding this to functions.php did the job for me:
function wpseo_metadesc_subheading( $description ) {
global $post;
if ( $subheading = get_post_meta( $post->ID, '_subheading', true ) ) {
return $subheading;
}
return $description;
}
add_filter( 'wpseo_metadesc', 'wpseo_metadesc_subheading' );
Thanks to SubHeading plugin author Steve for that.